柴油(you)發電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組運行時(shi)，通常(chang)會產(chan)生95-110db(a)的(de)噪聲(sheng)，運行時(shi)產(chan)生的(de)柴油(you)發電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組噪聲(sheng)，將對周圍環(huan)境造成嚴(yan)重(zhong)損害。那么(me)在噪聲(sheng)源(yuan)無法降低的(de)情況(kuang)下,該采用(yong)哪些措施控制柴油(you)發電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組噪聲(sheng)呢？

   一、柴油發電機組噪聲源分析

   柴油(you)發(fa)動(dong)機組(zu)噪(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)是由多(duo)種聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)源構成的復雜聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)源。按照噪(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)輻(fu)射方式(shi)?它可分(fen)為空氣動(dong)力噪(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、表(biao)面輻(fu)射噪(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)和(he)電(dian)磁(ci)噪(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。按照產生的原因,?柴油(you)發(fa)電(dian)機組(zu)表(biao)面輻(fu)射噪(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)又可分(fen)為燃燒噪(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)和(he)機械噪(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。其中空氣動(dong)力噪(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)為柴油(you)發(fa)動(dong)機組(zu)噪(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的主要噪(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)源。

   1、空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)動力噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)是由(you)于氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)的非穩定過程,即由(you)氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)的擾動以及(ji)氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)與物體(ti)的相互作用(yong)而產生的柴油發電機組噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。直接向大氣(qi)(qi)輻射的空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)動力噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),?包括進氣(qi)(qi)噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、排氣(qi)(qi)噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)和冷卻風扇噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。

   2、電磁噪聲(sheng)是由發(fa)電機轉子(zi)在電磁場中高速旋(xuan)轉產生的柴(chai)油發(fa)動(dong)機組噪聲(sheng)。

   3、燃(ran)(ran)燒噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)和機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)很難嚴(yan)格區分,?通常將由于(yu)柴(chai)油發電機(ji)(ji)(ji)組汽缸(gang)內(nei)燃(ran)(ran)燒形成的(de)壓力(li)波動通過缸(gang)蓋、活塞、連軒、曲軸、機(ji)(ji)(ji)體向外(wai)輻射的(de)柴(chai)油發動機(ji)(ji)(ji)組噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)稱為(wei)燃(ran)(ran)燒噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。將活塞對缸(gang)套的(de)撞(zhuang)擊(ji)(ji)和運動件的(de)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)撞(zhuang)擊(ji)(ji)振(zhen)動而產(chan)生的(de)柴(chai)油發動機(ji)(ji)(ji)組噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)稱機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。一般直噴(pen)式柴(chai)油機(ji)(ji)(ji)燃(ran)(ran)燒噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)要高于(yu)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)?而非直噴(pen)式柴(chai)油機(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)則高于(yu)燃(ran)(ran)燒噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。但是低(di)速(su)運轉(zhuan)時燃(ran)(ran)燒噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)都高于(yu)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。

   二、柴油發電機組噪聲的控制措施

   柴油發電機組噪(zao)聲的控制(zhi)措施一：隔音房。

   在柴油(you)發電機組位置安裝隔聲房，尺(chi)寸(cun)為8.0m×3.0m×3.5m，隔聲板外壁為1.2mm鍍鋅板。內壁為0.8mm穿孔(kong)板，中間(jian)填充物為32kg/m3超細玻璃棉，槽(cao)鋼的凹面填充玻璃棉。

   柴油發電機(ji)組噪聲(sheng)的控制措施(shi)二：排風消(xiao)聲(sheng)。

   柴油(you)發電機(ji)組依靠自帶風扇排(pai)風，在排(pai)風房前(qian)部安裝AES型矩形消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)聲(sheng)(sheng)器(qi)，消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)聲(sheng)(sheng)器(qi)尺寸(cun)為1.2m×1.1m×0.9m，消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)聲(sheng)(sheng)器(qi)內裝消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)聲(sheng)(sheng)片厚200mm,間距100mm。消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)聲(sheng)(sheng)片采(cai)用兩(liang)側鍍鋅(xin)穿孔板夾(jia)超細玻璃(li)棉(mian)結(jie)構。9個相同尺寸(cun)的(de)(de)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)聲(sheng)(sheng)器(qi)拼裝成(cheng)1個。1.2m×3.3m×2.7m的(de)(de)大(da)型消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)聲(sheng)(sheng)器(qi)。消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)聲(sheng)(sheng)器(qi)前(qian)300mm處為相同尺寸(cun)的(de)(de)排(pai)風百葉窗。

   柴(chai)油發電(dian)機組噪(zao)聲的(de)控制措施三：進風消聲。

   在隔聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)房頂(ding)部安(an)裝自然進(jin)風消聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)器(qi)。消聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)器(qi)制作同排風消聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)器(qi)，凈消聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長度為1.0m，截面(mian)尺寸為3.4m×2.0m，消聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)片(pian)厚200mm，間距200mm，消聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)器(qi)外接無襯里90°消聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)彎頭，消聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)彎頭長1.2m。

   柴油發電機組噪聲的控(kong)制措施四：排煙消聲。

   通過柴(chai)油發(fa)電機組原廠配套的(de)(de)2個住宅型消聲器消聲，消聲后(hou)的(de)(de)煙(yan)氣合并為一個Φ450mm的(de)(de)煙(yan)管從排風(feng)百(bai)葉窗(chuang)伸出向上排放(fang)。