動轉換開關(Automatic Transfer Switches)的發明(ming)，斷電已不再會對生產造成(cheng)嚴重的危害，如醫院(yuan)、辦公大樓、機場(chang)、捷運及(ji)高鐵場(chang)站、通(tong)訊系統及(ji)軍事設施等場(chang)所(suo)也同樣(yang)如此。

   為(wei)提高配(pei)電(dian)(dian)系統(tong)(tong)供電(dian)(dian)的可靠度及(ji)縮短因事故停(ting)電(dian)(dian)的電(dian)(dian)力中斷時(shi)間(jian)(jian)及(ji)復(fu)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)，在現今的配(pei)電(dian)(dian)系統(tong)(tong)中已越來越多(duo)的設(she)計采用了(le)控制切換「正常/緊急」電(dian)(dian)源的自(zi)動轉(zhuan)換系統(tong)(tong)。為(wei)此，本文將(jiang)介紹(shao)和探討關于自(zi)動轉(zhuan)換開(kai)關的最(zui)新技術與相關應用。

   常(chang)用(yong)(yong)發(fa)電(dian)機(ji)組(zu)，一般來說工作(zuo)超過(guo)12小時(shi)機(ji)組(zu) 需要保持一定的功率，這樣的柴油發(fa)電(dian)機(ji)組(zu)對動力部分(fen)要求(qiu)比較高，一般選用(yong)(yong)康(kang)明斯，上柴等柴油機(ji)為動力。

   在某(mou)(mou)些柴油(you)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組在某(mou)(mou)段時(shi)間(jian)或(huo)經(jing)常(chang)需要長時(shi)間(jian)連續(xu)地(di)進(jin)行，以(yi)作為(wei)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)負荷(he)的常(chang)用(yong)(yong)供電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)源，這類(lei)發(fa)(fa)　電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組稱為(wei)常(chang)用(yong)(yong)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組。常(chang)用(yong)(yong)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組可作為(wei)常(chang)用(yong)(yong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組與備用(yong)(yong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組。遠離(li)大電(dian)(dian)網的鄉鎮、海島、林場　、礦山(shan)、油(you)田(tian)等地(di)區(qu)或(huo)工礦企業，為(wei)了供給當地(di)居民生(sheng)廠及生(sheng)活(huo)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)，需要安裝柴油(you)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)，這類(lei)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)　機(ji)(ji)(ji)組平時(shi)應(ying)不間(jian)斷地(di)進(jin)行。

   國防工程(cheng)(cheng)、通(tong)信樞(shu)紐、廣播(bo)電(dian)(dian)臺(tai)、微波接(jie)力站等重要設(she)施，應(ying)設(she)有備用(yong)(yong)(yong)柴(chai)油(you)發電(dian)(dian)機(ji)組(zu)(zu)。這(zhe)類(lei)設(she)施用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)平　時可(ke)由市(shi)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)力網供給。但(dan)是，由于地震、臺(tai)風、戰爭等其他自(zi)然(ran)災害或(huo)人為因(yin)素，使市(shi)電(dian)(dian)網遭受破壞　而停電(dian)(dian)以后，已設(she)置的(de)備用(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)組(zu)(zu)應(ying)迅速起動，并堅持長期不間斷地進(jin)(jin)行(xing)，以保證對這(zhe)些重要工程(cheng)(cheng)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)負　荷(he)的(de)連續(xu)供電(dian)(dian)，這(zhe)種備用(yong)(yong)(yong)發電(dian)(dian)機(ji)組(zu)(zu)也屬(shu)于常用(yong)(yong)(yong)發電(dian)(dian)機(ji)組(zu)(zu)類(lei)型。常用(yong)(yong)(yong)發電(dian)(dian)機(ji)組(zu)(zu)持續(xu)工作時間長，負荷(he)曲線(xian)　變化較大，機(ji)組(zu)(zu)容量(liang)、臺(tai)數、型式的(de)選擇(ze)及機(ji)組(zu)(zu)的(de)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)控(kong)制方式與應(ying)急機(ji)組(zu)(zu)不同。